Perception of Sea Level Rise on Human Security: A Qualitative Case Study of the Keta Municipality in the Volta Region of Ghana
The local perspective on a phenomenon is critical for assessing its consequences for human security and for policy initiatives. Using a qualitative case-study approach, this study explores local perspectives on sea-level rise and human security in the Keta Municipality of Ghana. Grounded in the Human Security Theory framework, and purposively collecting data through observation, key informant interviews, and focus group discussions, we found that sea-level rise is perceived as described by its effects and, locally, known as “Tsafu dzagbo”. It is perceived to be caused by sand mining along the coast, with economic, social, and psychological effects on human security. These effects include job and livelihood losses, frequent outbreaks of water-related diseases, and displacement, among others, resulting in significant disruption to the municipality’s well-being. In response, both local and modern approaches have been adopted to address the effects. The local approaches include planting mangroves along the coast and using local knowledge to forecast and prepare in advance. In contrast, modern approaches include constructing groynes and promoting modern agricultural practices, thereby improving resilience in the Municipality. We conclude that sea-level rise directly affects the well-being of the inhabitants of the Keta Municipality, thereby negatively impacting human security. We recommend synergising local and modern approaches to achieve more sustained resilience in the Municipality.
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